nūhou

ʻO ka upena hōʻoiaʻiʻo e like me ka puka makani, me ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe, ka pale ʻana o UV, ka pale ʻana i ka wela, ke kūpaʻa wai, ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, ke kūpaʻa ʻelemakule a me nā waiwai ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa a ʻono ʻole, ʻo ke ola lawelawe maʻamau 4-6 mau makahiki, a hiki i ka 10 makahiki.ʻAʻole wale ia nā mea maikaʻi o ka uhi ʻana i nā ʻupena, akā ua lanakila pū nō hoʻi i nā hemahema o nā ʻupena pale, a ua kūpono ia i ka hoʻolaha ikaika.
1. Pono pono e hoʻoukaʻupena hōʻole i nā pepekei loko o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo.He ʻeono mau hana:
1. Pono e kū'ē i nā'ōpala.
Ma hope o ka uhi ʻana i ka ʻupena pepeke, hiki iā ia ke pale i nā ʻano mea ʻino like ʻole e like me nā enuhe kāpeti, nā moths diamondback, a me nā aphids.
Ma hope o ka uhi ʻia ʻana o nā huahana mahiʻai me nā ʻupena hōʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki iā ia ke pale maikaʻi i ka pōʻino o nā mea ʻino like ʻole e like me ka caterpillars kāpeti, ka moths diamondback, ka ʻiʻo puaʻa kāpeti, Spodoptera litura, nā ʻōpala, nā ʻōpala lau simian, aphids a pēlā aku.Wahi a ka hoʻāʻo, ʻo ka ʻupena hoʻomalu nalo he 94-97% ka hopena e kūʻē i nā ʻanoʻano cabbage cabbage, diamondback moth, cowpea pod borer a me Liriomyza sativa, a me 90% kūʻē i nā aphids.

2. Kāohi i nā maʻi viral.
Hiki i ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi ke loaʻa i nā hopena pōʻino no ka mahi ʻana i ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻoi aku hoʻi e nā aphids.Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka ʻupena insect-proof i loko o ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua ʻoki ʻia ka lawe ʻana i nā mea pests, kahi e hōʻemi nui ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi viral, a ʻo ka hopena hoʻomalu ma kahi o 80%.

3. Hoʻoponopono i ka mahana, ka wela o ka lepo a me ka haʻahaʻa.
I ka wā wela, ua uhi ʻia ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo me kahi ʻupena keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.Hōʻike ka hōʻike: i ka wela o Iulai-ʻAukake, i ka ʻupena keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo 25-mesh keʻokeʻo, ua like ka mahana i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi me ke kula ākea, a ʻo ka mahana ma kahi o 1 ℃ haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke kahua ākea. i ke awakea o ka la.
Mai Malaki a ʻApelila i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, ʻo 1-2 ° C ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana i loko o ka hale hoʻoheheʻe i uhi ʻia e ka ʻupena insect-proof ma mua o ke kula ākea, a ʻo ka mahana ma ka honua 5 cm he 0.5-1 ° C ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka. aia ma ke kula ākea, hiki ke pale pono i ka hau.Eia kekahi, hiki i ka ʻupena hōʻoiaʻiʻo ke pale i kahi hapa o ka wai ua mai ka hāʻule ʻana i loko o ka hale hoʻoheheʻe, hoʻemi i ka haʻahaʻa o ke kula, hoʻemi i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi, a hoʻemi i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka wai i loko o ka hale kōmaena i nā lā lā.

4. Loaʻa ka hopena malu.
I ke kauwela, nui ka māmā, a ʻo ke kukui ikaika e kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā mea kanu lau, a hiki i ka ʻupena hōʻoiaʻiʻo ke pāʻani i kekahi kuleana i ka malu.ʻO ka 20-22 mesh kala-hina-hina ʻupena-hōʻoia ma ke ʻano he 20-25%.

5. Kāohi i ka hāʻule hua.
Aia ka wā oo o ka hua i ka ua i ke kauwela.Inā hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻupena hōʻoiaʻiʻo e uhi iā ia, e hōʻemi ia i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hua i ka ua i ka wā oʻo o ka hua, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā makahiki i loaʻa ai ka hua o ka hua deragona, blueberry a me ka bayberry i ka ua nui i ka wā o ka wā oo.ʻOi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena o ka emi ʻana o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hua.

6. Kāohi i ka hau.
Inā i loko o ke kau wela haʻahaʻa i ka wā o ka hua ʻōpiopio a me ka pae oʻo o ka hua, ua maʻalahi ke hana ʻino ʻino a i ʻole ka pōʻino hau.ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka uhi ʻupena hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole wale ia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻupena, akā hoʻohana pū kekahi i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka ʻupena-insect-proof e pale ai i ka pōʻino o ka hau ma ka ʻili hua.