nūhou

ʻO ka ʻupena lawaiʻa he ʻupena huki, ʻupena hoʻoheheʻe, a me nā ʻupena lāʻau.ʻO nā ʻupena lawaiʻa he mau mea hana no nā mea lawaiʻa.ʻOi aku ma mua o 99% i hana ʻia mai nā fiber synthetic.Aia ka nui o nā nylon 6 a i ʻole nā ​​​​nylon monofilament i hoʻololi ʻia, multifilament a i ʻole multi monofilament, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā fibers e like me polyethylene, polyester, a me polyvinylidene chloride.

ʻO nā ʻupena i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana lawaiʻaʻupena ʻupena, ʻeke kālāʻupena seine,hoolei upena,upena paa anā hīnaʻi.ʻO nā ʻupena a me nā puʻu ʻeke he ʻupena kaumaha i hoʻohana ʻia i nā lawaiʻa kai.ʻO ka nui o ka ʻupena he 2.5 a 5 knm, ʻo ke anawaena o ke kaula ʻupena ma kahi o 2 mm, a ʻo ke kaumaha o ka ʻupena he mau tona a i ʻole mau kakini paha.ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau waʻa huki e huki a alualu i ka hui lawaiʻa ʻokoʻa, a i ʻole hoʻohana ʻia ka waʻa māmā e hoʻowalewale i ka iʻa i loko o ka hui a hoʻopuni iā ​​​​ia.He ʻupena māmā no ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma nā muliwai a me nā loko.ʻO ka nui o ka mesh he 1 a 3 knm, ʻo ke anawaena o ke kaula ʻupena ma kahi o 0.8 mm, a ʻo ke kaumaha o ka ʻupena he mau kilokani.ʻO nā ʻupena paʻa a me nā hīnaʻi he mau ʻupena paʻa no ka moʻomeheu artificial ma nā loko, nā loko a i ʻole nā ​​kahakai.ʻOkoʻa ka nui a me nā kikoʻī e like me ka iʻa e hānai ʻia ana, a mālama ʻia ka iʻa ma kahi wahi wai e pale aku ai.

ʻO nā mea maka o ka ʻupena i ulana ʻia he 15-36 mau kaula o 210-denier nylon, polyester multifilament a me ka ethylene monofilament me ke anawaena o 0.8-1.2 mm.ʻO ke ʻano o ka ulana ʻana, ʻo ia ka wili, ka wili a me ka ulana.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā ʻupena lawaiʻa hou me ka polyethylene, nylon a me nā mea maka.ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawaiʻa ʻana, a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā ʻano hoʻohana like ʻole.No ka laʻana, hoʻolei ʻupena (upena lima, upena hoolei lima)hoʻohana ʻia i ka lawaiʻa kuʻuna, ʻupena ʻupena e hoʻohana ana i nā waʻa ma ke ʻano he mana, ʻupena gill (ʻupena ʻekolu,puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu) me nā ʻupena ʻokoʻa e paʻa ana i nā iʻa me nā gills.Hana ʻia kēia mau ʻupena me nā ʻupena o nā ʻano nui like ʻole a me nā kaula o nā mea like ʻole no nā mea lawaiʻa like ʻole.I ka manawa like, e like me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻupena lawaiʻa, ua hana ʻia nā mea lawaiʻa like ʻole, e like me nā hīnaʻi lawaiʻa a me nā ʻupena ʻehā i hoʻohana mau ʻia.